Optimization of Differentiation into Insulin-producing Cells from Periosteum-derived Progenitor Cells

초록

Type I diabetes is caused by a progressive destruction of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) by an autoimmune disease. Islet transplantation is considered to be the most effective treatment, but it is limited by the shortage of islet cells. Various kinds of stem cells can be used for the preparation of IPCs such as adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs in addition to embryonic stem cells. In order to obtain IPCs from MSCs effectively, differentiation conditions should be optimized properly. In this study, periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) were used for the preparation of IPCs. PDPCs are known to be another kind of MSCs and expected to be used as a cell source to make IPCs. Homologous PDPCs was obtained by sorting periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) of cambium layer by fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) using surface markers of MSCs such as CD9, CD90, and CD166. For the differentiation into IPCs, PDPCs were cultured in serum-free DMEM/F12 with several supplements containing activin A, exendin 4, nicotinamide, and hepatocyte growth factor for several days. It was confirmed that IPCs could be obtained efficiently by the differentiation of PDPCs by using several analytical methods including RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, BCA, and ELISA.