QZSS 센티미터급 보정 서비스를 위한 간소화된 항법 메시지 인증 프로토콜 설계

초록

Satellite navigation systems provide services such as positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT), by transmitting navigation messages through signals. However, there is possibility that the signals can be spoofed and fake PNT information can be transmitted to the receiver. To prevent spoofing attacks, navigation messages should be authenticated. Although the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) recently adopted authentication services for L1C/A, L1C, and L5, it does not yet provide authentication services for its Centimeter Level Augmentation Service (CLAS). To adopt authentication functionality for the existing CLAS that already has its own message structure, only reserved fields can be used for authentication. In this study, we propose two compact navigation message authentication protocols using reserved fields of QZSS CLAS message. They are based on the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) and Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication (TESLA), which have been widely considered for other signal authentication services such as GPS Chimera and Galileo Open Service Navigation Message Authentication (OSNMA). According to our experiments, the proposed ECDSA-only method needs 6 to 12 min for authentication and the proposed ECDSA-TESLA method requires 4 to 6 min.

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