A structural model for stress, coping, and psychosocial adjustment: A multi-group analysis by stages of survivorship in Korean women with breast cancer

초록

Purpose: Prospective studies have examined factors directly affecting psychosocial adjustment during breast cancer treatment. Survivorship stage may moderate a direct effect of stress on psychosocial adjustment. This study aimed to examine relationships between stress, social support, self-efficacy, coping, and psychosocial adjustment to construct a model of the effect pathways between those factors, and determine if survivorship stage moderates those effects. Methods: Six hundred people with breast cancer completed questionnaires. Examined stages of survivorship after treatment were as follows: acute (i.e., < 2 years), extended (2-5 years), and lasting ( > 5 years). Stress (Perceived Stress Scale), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), self-efficacy (New General Self Efficacy Scale), coping (Ways of Coping Checklist), and psychosocial adjustment (Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale Self-Report Korean Version) were measured. Results: Self-efficacy significantly correlated with psychosocial adjustment in the acute survival stage (gamma = -0.37, P < .001). Stress inversely correlated with coping only in the extended survival stage (gamma = -0.56, P < .001). Social support's benefit to psychosocial adjustment was greater in the acute (gamma = -0.42, P < .001) and extended survival stages (gamma = -0.56, P < .001) than in the lasting survival stage. Stress's negative correlation with psychosocial adjustment was stronger in the lasting survival stage (beta = 0.42, P < .001) than in the acute survival stage. Conclusions: Based on these results, it is necessary to improve self-efficacy, social support, and manage stress according to survival stage for psychosocial adjustment of female breast cancer patients.

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