Development of g-C3N4 Coated Eggshell Waste-Derived Ca(OH)2 Nanoparticles as a Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Eriochrome Cyanin R with Promising Antibacterial Activity

초록

The present investigation provides a cost-effective approach to the development of nanostructured g-C3N4 coated eggshell waste-derived Ca(OH)(2) nanoparticles as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Eriochrome cyanin R (ECR), and disinfection of pathogenic bacteria. The g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite was characterized via XRD, SEM, EDX, and TEM. XRD patterns and TEM images revealed the successful synthesis of the samples in nanoscale range. The efficacy of the g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite was assessed with different parameters, including solution pH, initial concentration of a targeted contaminant, and loading of the g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite. Notably, 0.01 g of the g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite achieved an impressive 90.0% removal efficiency of ECR at the solution pH of 3.0. When isopropanol was added, the photodegradation of ECR dye by the g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite was decreased (42%), suggesting that the OH & sdot; radical was the primary species responsible for degradation. The tested samples are effective against various bacteria, including Eschericia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Specifically, the g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite was the most effective combination against S. aureus (13.9 mm ZOI and 12.5 mu g/mL MIC), and E. coli (12.4 mm ZOI and 12.5 mu g/mL MIC). In reaction mechanism determination, the amount of the synthesized nanomaterials is directly correlated with the quantity of E. coli protein removed, and they were accounted as 22.23, 55.10, and 101.44 mu g/mL following incubation with g-C3N4, Ca(OH)(2) NPs, and g-C3N4/Ca(OH)(2) nanocomposite, respectively.

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