수소 공급 시나리오에 따른 건물 부문 전과정 온실가스 감축효과 분석

초록

This study performed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the hydrogen production–infrastructure (transport)–building utilization system in the Ulsan Hydrogen Demonstration City to quantitatively evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effects from the expansion of clean hydrogen. Three scenarios— Formation (2027), Expansion (2033), and Advancement (2040)—were developed based on the First Basic Plan for Hydrogen Economy Implementation (2023), which defines Korea national clean hydrogen composition targets. The annual GHG emissions of hydrogen-based buildings were estimated at 602.96, 515.89, and 459.78 t CO₂-eq/yr, respectively, showing reductions of 2.3%, 16.4%, and 25.5% compared to the baseline building (617.07 t CO₂-eq/yr). The hydrogen production stage accounted for approximately 70–80% of total emissions, followed by building operation and fuel cell manufacturing (15–20%) and hydrogen pipeline infrastructure (around 5%). These results demonstrate that increasing the clean hydrogen share above 50% enables tangible carbon neutrality in the building sector. Future research should extend the LCA framework to include hydrogen infrastructure (refueling stations) and mobility applications (fuel cell buses) for comprehensive assessment of city-wide hydrogen systems.

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