THE EFFECTS OF ACETIC ACID SUPPLEMENT AND VOLUNTARY WHEEL RUNNING ON GUT-MICROBIOME IN OVARIECTOMIZED MICE

초록

INTRODUCTION: There exists a correlation between a healthy physiological state and the diversity of gut microbiome. Menopause-induced deteriorations in whole body metabolism, including insulin resistance and obesity, negatively contribute to microbial diversity. Firmicutes including UCG009 is associated with enhanced energy storage leading to metabolic dysfunction and obesity. Acetic acid supplement or exercise intervention has been somewhat documented for its beneficial effects on gut microbial composition. However, the combined influence of acetic acid supplement and exercise intervention on gut microbiome remains unknown. The purpose of the study was to investigate 1) whether menopause negatively influences gut microbial diversity including firmicutes abundance; and 2) whether the combined treatment of acetic acid and exercise rescues this microbial dysbiosis , and which specific bacteria is related to this rescuing effect . METHODS: This 15-week study used female C57BL/6J wild type mice (n=40, 8 weeks old), which were randomly assigned to Sham (SHM), ovariectomy (OVX), ovariectomy with exercise (OVXE), ovariectomy with acetic acid (OVXA), and ovariectomy with exercise and acetic acid (OVXAE) groups. Gut microbial diversity including abundance profiling in phylum level was accessed using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Beta diversity using Bray-Curtis Index and Unweighted UniFrac Index measured diversity differences between groups. Phylogenetic cladogram was used to analyze the group difference in specific bacteria. RESULTS: In the abundance of firmicutes, OVX exhibited a tendency for an increase compared to SHM. However, OVXA showed no difference compared to SHM (SHM: 50.6%; OVX: 57.2%; OVXE: 52.0%; OVXA: 50.6%; OVXAE: 56.5). In microbial diversity, while there was no difference between SHM and OVX, acetic acid supplement groups (OVXA and OVXAE) showed greater diversity compared to SHM and OVX (p < 0.05). In phylogenetic cladogram analysis, co