중소 물류기업의 디지털 전환(DX) 결정요인: 생태계 기반 관점

초록

This study proposes an expanded Technological–Organizational–Environmental(TOE) framework tailored to SMEs by incorporating four dimensions—Awareness, Capability, Resource, and Ecosystem—and empirically examines determinants of the deepening stage of digital transformation(DX) among small and medium-sized logistics firms in the Seoul metropolitan area. Drawing on Innovation Diffusion Theory, it tests whether drivers differ between DX entry and subsequent deepening. Hierarchical regression was conducted using data from 197 firms, with a focused sub-analysis of 88 firms actively implementing DX. Ecosystem support is the only significant positive predictor of DX depth (β=.220, p＜ .01). Ecosystem support is defined as an absorptive-capacity–based construct that integrates external collaboration and policy support with the internal organizational foundation required to leverage them, indicating that substantive DX deepening occurs when external support is coupled with internal absorptive capacity. In the full sample, awareness and resource constraints correlate with DX (r=.21; r=.61), but these associations disappear among implementing firms (r=−.07; r=.03). This pattern suggests that these factors relate to entry but not to deepening. The results support an ecosystem-oriented perspective beyond a resource-based view (RBV) and imply stage-specific policy design: reduce adoption barriers for non-adopters and strengthen ecosystem linkages and internal absorptive capacity for adopters seeking deeper DX.

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