Biogenic formulation and characterisation of Zinc oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet, rhodamine b, and blue 19-dyes and antibacterial & antioxidant activities

초록

The green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials is increasingly recognised in nanomaterials due to their minimal toxicity, high biocompatibility, and simple fabrication methods. This study presents the eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Lilium lancifolium floral extract as a bio-reductant. Comprehensive physicochemical characterisation, including spectroscopic and microscopic analyses, was conducted to elucidate the nanoparticles' structural and morphological properties. The ZnONPs displayed spherical to hexagonal morphologies, consisting of 49.34% oxygen and 50.66% zinc. Zeta potential measurements indicated a negative surface charge, and BET disclosed the specific surface area of 35 m(2)/g, an average pore size of similar to 25 nm, and a pore volume of 0.74 cm(3)/g. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed an average particle size of 27 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.332. The antioxidant capacity of the ZnONPs, assessed through DPPH radical scavenging assays, showed activity ranging from 39.2% to 71.2%, with an IC50 of 47.2 mu g/mL. This performance surpassed the IC50 of the floral extract (72.3 mu g/mL) and was comparable to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 37.4 mu g/mL). Photocatalytic degradation studies on methyl violet (MV), Rhodamine B (RhB), and reactive blue 19 (RBBR) dyes followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and adhered to Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption models. Additionally, lipid peroxidation inhibition assays demonstrated the potential of both the floral extract and ZnONPs in preventing lipid peroxidation, indicating their promising antimicrobial properties for combating bacterial infections.

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