Resistance Temperature Detectors Fabricated via Dual Fused Deposition Modeling of Polylactic Acid and Polylactic Acid/Carbon Black Composites

초록

Planar-type resistance temperature detectors (P-RTDs) were fabricated via fused deposition modeling by dual nozzle extrusion. The temperature-sensing element of the fabricated sensor was printed with electrically conductive polylactic acid/carbon black (PLA/CB) composite, while the structural support was printed with a PLA insulator. The temperature-dependent resistivity change of PLA/CB was evaluated for different stacking sequences of PLA/CB layers printed with [0 degrees/0 degrees], [-45 degrees/45 degrees], and [0 degrees/90 degrees] plies. Compared to a PLA/CB filament used as 3D printing source material, the laminated structures exhibited a response over 3 times higher, showing a resistivity change from -10 to 40 omega center dot cm between -15 and 50 degrees C. Then, using the [0 degrees/90 degrees] plies stacking sequence, a P-RTD thermometer was fabricated in conjunction with a Wheatstone bridge circuit for temperature readouts. The P-RTD yielded a temperature coefficient of resistance of 6.62 %/degrees C with high stability over repeated cycles. Fabrication scalability was demonstrated by realizing a 3 x 3 array of P-RTDs, allowing the temperature profile detection of the surface in contact with heat sources.

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