In-situ self-sensing method for magnetically controlled friction of magnetorheological elastomers and experimental verification

초록

Conventional rubber materials lack the capability for in situ and real-time perception of interfacial friction states, limiting their applications in intelligent fields such as adaptive friction control. To address this limitation, this study proposes a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) composite system embedded with a flexible sensor array, enabling in situ self-sensing and active regulation of frictional states. A beam-spring interfacial mechanics model is developed to establish a multiscale coupling mapping among normal pressure, tangential friction, internal deformation, and relative resistance variation, elucidating the fundamental mechanism of friction modulation under a magnetic field. A flexible fiber sensor based on graphene/polydimethylsiloxane (GR/PDMS) is fabricated, demonstrating high sensitivity (GF = 73.75, R-2 = 0.951), excellent cyclic stability (>3000 cycles), and a wide linear response range, while preserving the elastic modulus and load-bearing capacity of the rubber matrix. Furthermore, an in situ sliding friction testing platform is established to evaluate the self-sensing capability of the MRE under varying normal pressures (1-3 N), sliding paths (linear and diagonal), and magnetic flux densities (0-270 mT). The results show excellent agreement between the measured and predicted friction forces, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the MRE composite structure for in situ friction state identification.

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