High-performance binder-free Li-ion batteries using dynamically transformed niobium oxide nanochannel electrodes

초록

We report a breakthrough in high-performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes through the development of a phase-dynamic niobium oxide nanochannel (NONC) architecture, meticulously engineered via electrochemical anodization. This binder-free, multiphase structure leverages the synergy between crystalline Nb2O5 and amorphous NbO, enabling extraordinary electrochemical behavior. Our approach harnesses the dynamic phase transitions within the nanochannels to achieve superior lithium-ion diffusion kinetics and enhanced electrical conductivity. The NONC anode delivers a reversible capacity of 370 mAh g-1 at 0.4 A g-1, maintaining an impressive 236 mAh g-1 after 700 cycles, far surpassing conventional niobium oxides. Remarkably, under high-rate conditions of 4 A g-1, the anode exhibits negligible capacity decay over 1000 cycles, demonstrating exceptional cycling stability. The enhanced performance stems from the crystalline-amorphous phase transformations that occur during cycling, facilitating efficient ion transport and the formation of a robust, self-stabilizing solid electrolyte inter- phase (SEI).

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