Optimal Formation Design for SAR Interferometry Using Mixed-Integer Programming

초록

In Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) missions for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation, the satellite formation configuration is directly linked to DEM accuracy, making optimal formation design essential. However, previous studies have not fully addressed the unique requirements of DEM missions or have lacked rigorous consideration of minimizing delta-v consumption for formation maintenance. This paper proposes a mixed-integer programming (MIP)-based method for optimal formation design in InSAR DEM missions, aiming to minimize the delta-v required for both formation reconfiguration and maintenance. The approach incorporates height of ambiguity constraints and global observation requirements, while the non-convex minimum inter-satellite distance constraint is relaxed by introducing binary variables. The well-known TanDEM-X mission is used as a simulation case to demonstrate the feasibility and optimality of the proposed formation design method.

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