Fabrication, Evaluation, and Performance Ranking of Tri-calcium Phosphate and Silica Reinforced Dental Resin Composite Materials

초록

ObjectiveThe proposed study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the physical, mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, and wear analysis of tri-calcium phosphate and silica filled dental resin composite materials.Materials and MethodsFive dental composite series (TSi0, TSi1, TSi2, TSi3, and TSi4) were developed using organic and inorganic materials. Tricalcium phosphate (TCp) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) were used as filler particles. The amount of TCp varied from 0 to 4 wt.% while SiO2 was constant as 20 wt.%. In this work, physical (void content, water sorption, water solubility, and polymerization shrinkage), mechanical (compressive strength and Vickers hardness), thermal, thermo-mechanical, and wear analysis were investigated.ResultsThe maximum water sorption and solubility were found in TSi4 designated dental composite. The depth of cure decreased with filler loading, with TSi0 achieving the maximum depth of cure. TSi4 displayed a 55.3% higher compressive strength than TSi1 and 8.6% less polymerization shrinkage than TSi0. The filler loading directly influenced the hardness. Fourier-transform infrared spectra showed shifts in peak wave numbers for nano silica and tricalcium phosphate fillers. TSi4 demonstrated the highest storage modulus at 426.01 MPa. In terms of thermal stability, TSi4 outperformed TSi3, TSi2, TSi1, and TSi0 within the temperature span of 25-300 & DEG;C, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, specific wear was evaluated through a pin-on-disc wear test rig and using Taguchi L25 orthogonal array to design the experiment with four factors: normal load, filler loading, RPM, and time. The hybrid dental resin composite substantially affected mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic characteristics. Grey relational analysis (GRA) approach was used to determine the ranking of dental composites. According GRA method, TSi4 designated dental composite obtained first rank among the dental composites.SignificanceIn conclusion, this research offers valuable insights into optimizing dental composite formulations to enhance the performance of dental restorative materials.

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