인천지역 청소년 여자운동선수의 식행동, 체형인식 및 영양섭취실태

초록

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behaviors, body image, hematological index and nutrient intake of female athletes according to a competition in Incheon. The subjects were 112 female athletes(field and track: n=32, firing: n=27, fencing: n=29, swimming: n=14, badminton: n=10) from middle and high schools in Incheon. This cross-sectional study was conducted by a self-administered questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed for hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct), ferritin, serum iron, mean corpuscular volume(MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC), unsaturated iron binding capacity(UIBC), total iron binding capacity(TIBC) and transferrin saturation(TS). Nutrient intakes collected from 3 day-recalls were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 10.0 program. The results are summarized as follows: Average age of field and track athletes, firing, fencer and swimmer was 14 years and that of badmintoner was 17 years, which was significant difference(p<0.05). Most of female athletes have had dietary problems such as unbalanced meals, skipping meals, and instant meals. More than 60% of female athletes skipped breakfast. As for perception of body image, most of female athletes perceived themselves fatter compared to normal body image. Especially, field and track athletes were more significantly experienced weight control compared to the rest athletes(p<0.05). As for physical burden during exercise, 56.3% of swimmer and 31.3% of field and track athletes answered "very hard", which showed a significant difference(p<0.001). More than 80% of female athletes had experienced a vertigo during exercise(p<0.01).