Identification of antioxidative and moisturizing efficacies of Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem & Schult adventitious root cultivated in a controlled bioreactor using a 3D artificial skin substitute

초록

Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem & Schult is a halophyte that adapts to harsh environments such as high light intensity and salinity and is known for its antipyretic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, and antifungal properties. This study aims to develop a bioactive with antioxidant and moisturizing effects from the cultivated adventitious root tissue of Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem & Schult. The hot water extract demonstrated no phototoxicity in the 3T3 NRU phototoxicity test. In a 3D artificial skin model composed of HaCaT and fibroblast co-cultures, the hot water extract at a concentration of 200 mu g/mL exhibited antioxidant effects superior to 50 mu M ascorbic acid and showed an increase in hyaluronic acid synthesis comparable to that of 50 mu M retinoic acid. mRNA analysis of HaCaT cells treated with the extract revealed the upregulation of HO-1, an antioxidant-related factor, and HAS2, associated with hyaluronic acid synthesis. Protein analysis of the 3D skin model confirmed the upregulation of HO-1 and its transcription factor p-Nrf2, as well as HAS2 and its transcription factors STAT3 and CREB. Additionally, HPLC analysis identified the presence of antioxidants such as skimmianine and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in the hot water extract. These findings suggest that the root tissue of Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem & Schult, obtained through root culture, exhibits antioxidant and moisturizing properties, highlighting its potential as a raw material for cosmetics or pharmaceuticals.

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