Bone Formation Ability of Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM)-Bone Morphogenic Protein-2(BMP-2) Complex for Treatment of Bone Defect of Ulna in Pigs

초록

Purpose : To assess the bone formation ability of DBM-BMP-2 complex for the treatment of bone defect of ulna in pigs. Materials and Methods : After 2 cm bony defects were made in the diaphysis of both ulna of 12 pigs, DBM or DBM-BMP-2 complex (matrix) was grafted into the bony defect according to the experimental protocol. The bone defect side as control was not grafted with anything. We evaluated the new bone formation of bony defect by taking simple radiographs of forearm of the pigs on the day of operation, 4th, 8th, 12th and 16th weeks thereafter. On 16th week, we obtained 3 dimensional CT scan of the forearm to analyze the volumetric amount of new bone formation, and performed biomechanical study to compare the strength of bone union site and evaluated the histologic fingdings. Results : At the final follow up, there was no statistically significant difference between the control and DBM group on simple radiographic images. On the other hand, DBM-BMP-2 complex showed statistically significant improvement of bone formation . According to the biomechanical test and the volume of new bone formation was assessed with 3-D CT scan, the comparison between the control and DBM group showed no statistically significant difference, whereas there was statistically significant improvement in DBM-BMP-2 complex. In histologic findings, there was no significant difference in all groups. Conclusion : It was evident that DBM-BMP-2 complex had much better outcome than DBM graft alone in treating bone defects of ulna in pigs by promoting bone formation. These results were from the synergistic effect of both the supportive aspect of DBM and osteoinductive