Two-Dimensional Hollow Black Titania Pigments with Tunable NIR Reflectance for LiDAR-Detectable Coatings in Autonomous Vehicles

초록

In this study, two-dimensional hollow black titania (HBT) pigment is developed as an advanced material for LiDAR-detectable coatings in autonomous vehicles. The fabrication strategy involves depositing a TiO2 layer on glass substrates via sol?gel, followed by core etching. Subsequent NaBH4 reduction converts Ti4+ to Ti3+/Ti2+, yielding black titania. NIR reflectance is optimized by controlling titania layer thickness. The optimized HBT with 140 nm thickness exhibits an L* value of 13.5 with high NIR reflectance of 23.1% at 905 nm. The plate-type geometry and hollow cavity enhance interfacial reflections, for efficient NIR back-scattering, while the hierarchical morphology ensures spreadability, durability, and thermal stability. These findings demonstrate HBT as a promising inorganic black pigment for next-generation autonomous vehicles employing LiDAR sensor. - 본 연구는 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 비원을 받아 수행된 연구임(RS-2025-16070620). Keywords: Hollow black titania, Two-dimensional structure, Near-infrared reflectance, LiDAR-detectable coatings, Autonomous vehicles