Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Candidates for Insulin-producing Cells Regeneration

초록

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been known as a disease caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic cells. Generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from various kinds of stem cells have immense potential for the treatment of T1D due to the shortage of pancreas donors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are uniquely capable of crossing germinative layers borders. Moreover, MSCs are obtainable in high numbers via ex vivo culture. Many researchers have therefore searched for diverse sources of MSCs, such as bone marrow, Wharton's Jelly, adipose tissue, and periosteum. In this study, we compared the growth potency of three kinds of MSCs derived from different tissues. In addition, in vitro differentiation of those MSCs into IPCs was also investigated. Induced IPCs was confirmed by using immunofluorescence. ELISA was used to measure the level of insulin. By using RT-qPCR, expression levels of insulin genes were detected. It was found that the periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) have a potential as a source for the differentiation into IPCs.