Simplified One-Pot Synthesis of Graphene Oxide from Different Coals and its Potential Application in Enhancing the Mechanical Performance of GFRP Nanocomposites

초록

This paper presents new data on the feasibility of usinga facileone-pot process with HNO3 to synthesize graphene oxide(GO) from bituminous coal (BC) as well as anthracite coal procuredfrom coalfields in India. The experiments demonstrate that a reducedconcentration of 5 M HNO3 and a shorter oxidation timeperiod of 5 h are sufficient for bituminous coal, whereas semianthracitecoal (AC) requires 16 M HNO3 and 72 h of oxidation time.The synthesized graphene oxide from bituminous coal (BC-GO) and semianthracitecoal (AC-GO) was characterized using various techniques includingSEM-EDX, FTIR, XRD, XPS, BET-BJH, LRS, TEM, SAED, AFM, and DLS. Theseresults were then compared with those for GO derived from graphiteand purified AC using modified Hummers' method. The characterizationdata revealed both similarities and significant differences in theproperties of these materials. While TEM analysis revealed similarsheet-like morphology for both coal-derived and graphite-derived GO,XPS and FTIR data indicated the presence of graphitic compositionswith observable peaks for C C and C O, as well as abundantfunctional groups containing oxygen and nitrogen. Surface and structureproperties differed between coal-derived and graphite-derived GOs.Raman spectra of BC-GO showed a lower I (D), indicating fewer defects and preserved graphitic domains due tothe use of less concentrated HNO3. Furthermore, the paperexplores the potential application of coal-derived GO by studyingthe mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer nanocompositeswith AC-GO as a nanofiller. The results demonstrate that coal-derivedGO effectively enhances the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.

키워드