Pathogenesis of Trigeminal Neuralgia

초록

Trigeminal nerve is the largest cranial nerve and the sensory nerve of the face and innervates to the mastication muscles [1]. This one-pair nerve divides into two pure sensory nerves, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves, and one mixed nerve, mandibular nerve. The ophthalmic nerve is responsible for sensory in the upper part of the eyebrow of the head, meninx, and cornea through the superior ophthalmic fissure, the maxillary nerve for sensory in the upper lip, maxillary teeth, and mucosa through the foramen rotundum, and the mandibular nerve for the sensory of the mandible, lower lip, mucosa, and mandibular teeth through the foramen ovale crossing the Gasserian ganglion to the pons [2]. Motor component of the trigeminal nerve leaves the pons, passes beneath the Gasserian ganglion, and then merges with the sensory nerve to make the mandibular nerve [3]. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.