One-dimensional polypyrrole nanotubes fabricated using a soft template and their electrorheological characteristics

초록

One-dimensional conductive polymeric nanotubes have received particular attention in electrorheological (ER) fluids due to their structural anisotropy and high aspect ratio. Polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes were synthesized using a soft template method involving ferric chloride and methyl orange. Their morphology, types of chemical bonds, crystallization and thermal properties were studied. An ER fluid was prepared by dispersing the PPy nanotubes in silicone oil. The ER characteristics were studied by applying different electric field strengths (E). The shear stress flow curve was well fitted by the Cho-Choi-John model. The dynamic and static yield stresses were 209.4 Pa and 234 Pa, respectively, under an applied E of 3 kV/mm. Viscoelasticity was exhibited in the dynamic oscillation test following application of the E. The yield stress exhibited a power-law relationship with a slope of 2.0 in the presence of the E. Additionally, the material exhibited fast reversible phase transition and very high ER efficiency. Dielectric spectroscopy performed by an LCR meter confirmed a good correlation between susceptibility and relaxation time with ER properties. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

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