Developing International Norms Addressing the Disposal of Nuclear Waste and Nuclear Governance at the International and Domestic Levels: South Korea's Nuclear Radioactive Waste Management

초록

This article examines the legal framework governing nuclear radioactive waste management in South Korea, with a focus on regulations pertaining to ocean discharge. It analyzes key South Korean legislation, including the Nuclear Safety Act and Radioactive Waste Management Act, as well as relevant government agencies and disposal methods. The paper finds that South Korea generally prohibits ocean disposal of radioactive waste, with no exceptions for extenuating circumstances like natural disasters. However, regulations distinguish between radioactive waste and radioactive effluents, with the latter potentially allowed for discharge under certain conditions. The article concludes by recommending the establishment of international norms to address gaps in regulating ocean discharge of radioactive materials, especially in emergency situations. It suggests defining key terms, setting unified standards, maintaining prohibitions on radioactive waste disposal, and creating mechanisms for oversight and dispute resolution at the international level.

키워드