Promotion of Insulin Secretion from Differentiated Insulin-producing Cells by Using Molecular Drugs

초록

Type 1 diabetes is caused by the complete loss of pancreatic beta cells due to the body's own immune system. Transplantation of beta cells is considered to be the best treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, it is extremely limited by the shortage of human organ donors. Due to the shortage of donor pancreas, alternative sources of islets have been studied through the generation of the insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from various kinds of stem cells. In previous study, we accomplished the differentiation from periosterium-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) known as a kind of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into IPCs. However, secretion of insulin from differentiated IPCs has been limited. For this reason, we decided to investigate a possibility for increasing insulin secretion from IPCs. Therefore, we screened various molecular drugs used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus to find an efficacy in enhancing insulin production from IPCs. In addition, effects of these molecular drugs on the insulin secretion of IPCs were investigated. MTS assay was used for the detection of toxicity in molecular drugs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the expression levels of insulin. The expression of genes was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to observe the levels of differentiation.