Analysis of the Impacts of Wind on Final Approach Overshoot Using Historical Flight and Weather Data

초록

Flights typically intercept the final approach path approximately ten to fifteen nautical miles from the runway threshold. In some cases, the flight will overshoot the path during the interception, which is called a final approach overshoot (FAO). FAO itself is not considered a serious safety issue; however, it can cause glideslope or localizer deviations that can subsequently lead to more serious safety issues such as a go-around or hard landing. Various factors can cause FAO, including weather, air traffic control instructions, pilot competence, or aircraft performance. In this paper, the effect of wind on FAO at four major airports in the Republic of Downloaded by Hak-tae Lee on January 14, 2024 | http://arc.aiaa.org | DOI: 10.2514/6.2024-1951 Korea is analyzed using flight trajectory data and weather data in 2019. Wind components are interpolated from the weather data corresponding to the time and location of the final approach path interception points. The general distribution of wind speeds and directions is analyzed by plotting wind roses. A positive correlation between the probability of FAO and the magnitude of the crosswind is observed for most airports and runways, while each airport has its own characteristics. Using the methods presented in this paper, the impact of wind at each airport can be identified with quantitative probability, and it can be used to establish specific guidelines for air traffic control and pilots to reduce FAO.