A drug-eluting balloon catheter coated with chitosan and paclitaxel-loaded poloxamer-stabilized PLA microparticles for the effective treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

초록

Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of death, and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common type, usually treated with surgical resection; however, the resectable area is often small, leading to high recurrence. Balloon catheter insertion has been used to alleviate primary CCA symptoms. However, current drug-eluting balloon catheters are unable to provide continuous drug release, resulting in short-term effects and insufficient tumor suppression. Therefore, drug delivery systems and mucoadhesive polymers in drug-eluting balloon catheters have been proposed as alternatives. In this study, we developed paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded, poloxamer-stabilized PLA microparticles (PTX@PPMP) with high drug-loading capacity. We then created a PTX@PPMP-coated balloon catheter using mucoadhesive chitosan (PBCC) through spraying. PTX@PPMP particles were micron sized (1000–1400 nm), exhibited good colloidal stability, and enabled sustained pH-dependent drug release. In CCA cancer cell lines, PPMP did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity, and PTX@PPMP demonstrated an anticancer effect comparable to PTX, even though it had a 16-fold lower efficacy compared to PTX dose. Furthermore, in a xenograft model, the PBCC membrane dose-dependently inhibited the tumor volume without causing acute toxicity. These results indicate that the PBCC, as a novel drug-coated balloon catheter, can improve CCA chemotherapy and have further roles in balloon catheters applications. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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