Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in Implant Restorations

초록

Masticatory forces should be optimally distributed in the implant prosthetic system. This can be obtained through increasing the surface contact by widening implant diameter or by expanding implant number. Two experiments were done, first using a replica form of single- tooth missing specimen, with one standard implant(Ø3.75);Ia, one wide implant(Ø5.0);Ib, two small implant(Ø3.25);Ic, implanted separately. The second, using a replica form of two posterior teeth missing specimen, with two standard implants;IIa, two wide implants;IIb, three standard implants;IIc, implanted separately. Both studies given similar loading of mastication, three dimensional FEM was used to simulate stress distribution of specimens. The first study results showed better stress distribution in Ic sample. However under only eccentric parallel loading, the stress values were smallest in Ib. The second study results proved less stress in IIc sample. In conclusion, the single tooth-missing specimen distributed stress better by increasing the number of implants. Although under eccentric parallel loading, implant diameter increase showed preferable results. In two posterior teeth missing specimen, the increased implant number treatment had advantages in stress and strain.