Reflected solar glare from building facades: A critical review of assessment methodologies

초록

The increasing prevalence of high-rise buildings with reflective facades in urban environments has intensified reflected sunlight glare, leading to visual discomfort, health risks, and property damage. Despite these growing concerns, standardized regulations and evaluation methods for building facades remain lacking. This paper comprehensively reviews existing research on glare evaluation for reflected sunlight from building facades, identifying trends, limitations, and future directions. Studies are categorized into measurement, simulation, and integrated approaches. Although measurement-based studies using field surveys and high dynamic range imaging offer empirical insights, they often lack standardized quantitative evaluation or human perception-based glare indices. Simulation-based studies employ geometric- and radiance-based methods to predict glare patterns; however, they frequently exclude human-centered metrics, lack established standards, and rarely validate perceptual data. Integrated approaches combine both, improving reliability; however, they are limited to consistently applying perception-based glare indices and conducting user-based validations. In conclusion, there is a critical need for developing standardized methodologies for glare assessment, including the consistent application of discomfort glare indices (e.g., daylight glare probability and unified glare rating), integration of user-centered validation, and development of standardized simulation protocols. Future research should prioritize comprehensive frameworks that combine physical and perceptual factors for accurate and reliable assessments to improve building design and urban planning.

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