Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

초록

A disulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid, 1,3-disulfonic acid imidazolium chloride ([Dsim] Cl), was synthesized and utilized to prepare TiO2-based ionogel nanoparticles (TiO2 -[Dsim]Cl) using a precipitation method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the [Dsim]Cl molecules were introduced into the TiO2 matrix through electrostatic force between [Dsim]Cl and Ti atoms. The EDS mapping analysis indicated that the elements of [Dsim] Cl were distributed inside and on the surface of the TiO2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles. The electrorheological (ER) properties of TiO2 [Dsim]Cl ionogel nanoparticles and pure TiO2 were evaluated under the same conditions. The ER properties of the TiO2-[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles were found to be closely related to the content of [Dsim]Cl. Dielectric analysis demonstrated that adding an appropriate amount of [Dsim]Cl can enable the TiO2 nanoparticles to have a higher polarizability and a suitable relaxation time, both of which can significantly enhance the ER effect of the TiO2-[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles. More significantly, the TiO2-[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles exhibited a stable yield stress over a wide temperature range from 5 degrees C to 85 degrees C, indicating the high thermal stability of the TiO2 -[Dsim]Cl ionogel nanoparticles.

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