수해 피해 대응을 위한 허브 구호 물자 센터의 최적 입지 선정 연구: 서울특별시 동대문구 사례 분석

초록

When natural disasters occur, the prompt and proper delivery of relief supplies is crucial to mitigating damage. In Korea, however, the guidelines for the storage of relief supplies and their deployment strategies for disaster response appear to be ill-defined. Moreover, the absence of personnel dedicated exclusively to disaster management in local governments contributes to inefficiencies in material management. Additionally, the problem of duplicate support arises due to the uniform composition of supplies not tailored to specific disaster occurrences and ambiguity regarding support entities. As a result, the distribution of supplies lacks systematic organization. This study aims to propose the establishment of hub relief supply centers at the local district level and suggest effective operational strategies for the facilities. To address these issues and proactively respond to disasters, a scenario analysis was conducted focusing on Dongdaemun-gu as a case study, considered one of the most vulnerable to flooding among Seoul's districts. By considering the distances between designated shelters and their respective demands, the study devised potential optimal locations for hub relief supply centers, by adopting P-median and MCLP (Maximal Covering Location Problem) location models. Furthermore, this study introduces a novel approach to supply management that enables rapid replenishment of supply shortages during disasters from other regions, ensuring timely and sufficient distribution to the required locations. It is anticipated that the strategic establishment and efficient management of these hub relief supply centers identified in this study will not only streamline the stocking of relief items but also address inefficiencies arising from either surplus or inadequate supplies, ultimately minimizing adverse effects on evacuees.