Hydrothermally engineered TiO2/CdS nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine, hydrogen evolution and antibacterial applications

초록

In this study, a TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS nanocomposite (NC) was successfully synthesized via hydrothermal approach. The fabricated TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC was characterized using advanced analytical techniques to evaluate its structural and optoelectronic properties. The bandgap and surface area of TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS were calculated as 2.36 eV and 76.8 m2 g−1, respectively. The as-synthesized TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation, achieving 87.44 % degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ, 10 mg/L) at 240 min of treatment, employing 0.5 g/L of the TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC and pH 5.0. The TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC exhibited the higher performance in terms of CBZ degradation at pH 5.0. The toxicity assessment of CBZ and its degradation products (DPs), conducted using ECOSAR program, confirmed the lower toxicity of DPs compared to CBZ. Furthermore, the TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC at a dosage of 0.5 g/L exhibited remarkable hydrogen evolution capability, with rate of 687 μmol g−1 h−1, using methanol (20 vol%) as a sacrificial agent. In addition, the TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC demonstrated outstanding antibacterial activity against E. coli, a Gram-negative bacteria. The study underscores the multifunctional potential of the TiO<inf>2</inf>/CdS NC in the fields of environmental remediation, renewable energy production and antimicrobial applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

키워드