Enhancement of thermal-electrical like response by flexoelectric effect in sodium bismuth titanate bilayer ceramics with compositional inhomogeneity

초록

Owing to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramics with different compositions, ceramics with a compositional gradient generate the macroscopic strain gradient during sintering process, which may generate a macroscopic internal electric potential by the flexoelectric effect. Here we show that the bilayer Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-based ceramics with high electrical conductivity exhibits a thermal-electrical like response, which are larger than that of the single-layer ceramics. We propose that if the surfaces and the interface layer of the bilayer ceramics are inhomogeneously deformed under the influence of the temperature and compositional gradient, the bilayer ceramics can generate the flexoelectric-like response. The coupling of conductivity with this response results in the thermal-electrical like response.

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